parE

subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV

locus: BSU_18090

pI: 6.17

mw: 72.83 kDa

protein length: 655 aa

gene length: 1968 bp

function: chromosome segregation and compaction

product: subunit of DNA topoisomerase IV

essential: yes

ec: 5.99.1.-

synonyms: grlB

Genomic Context

categories

• [category|SW 3|Information processing] → [category|SW 3.1|Genetics] → [category|SW 3.1.3|DNA condensation/ segregation]
• [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.1|Essential genes]

Gene

Coordinates: 1,933,477 1,935,444

Phenotypes of a mutant

• essential [Pubmed|12682299]
• upon overexpression, topoisomerase IV ([protein|1901C52DCB24B3D53150F6926C14907AC1B75293|ParE]-[protein|9075DD0CC0B8554F0379732453665F43C70EFC26|ParC]) can take over the functions of the type 1A topoisomerases [protein|41199C76DF8CA804B7B8878D61228B9542A96AE4|TopA] and [protein|7D5327BD1DD5FD5F90B2C849589923AA3D8B20EF|TopB] [pubmed|30957856]

The protein

Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

• ATP-dependent breakage, passage and rejoining of double-stranded DNA (according to UniProt)

Protein family

• type II topoisomerase [protein|AA42910B71348EFEA4165CFFCEF1E497897B9DDC|GyrB] family (together with [protein|AA42910B71348EFEA4165CFFCEF1E497897B9DDC|GyrB]) (according to UniProt)

Paralogous protein(s)

• [protein|AA42910B71348EFEA4165CFFCEF1E497897B9DDC|GyrB]

[SW|Domains]

• [SW|TOPRIM domain] (aa 423-537) [Pubmed|9722641]

Structure

• [PDB|4I3H] (from ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'', 70% identity) [Pubmed|23965305]

[SW|Localization]

• Nucleoid (Homogeneous) [Pubmed|16479537]
• uniformly distributed throughout the cell [Pubmed|9539793]

Expression and Regulation

Operons

• genes: [gene|1901C52DCB24B3D53150F6926C14907AC1B75293|parE]-[gene|9075DD0CC0B8554F0379732453665F43C70EFC26|parC]
  description: [Pubmed|16267290]

  sigma factors

  • [protein|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|SigA]: sigma factor, [pubmed|30957856], in [regulon|360F48D576DE950DF79C1A2677B7A35A8D8CC30C|SigA regulon]

  regulatory mechanism

  • [protein|D267AF38B0CF107042326E9B8F3DD3C9C85840E4|LexA]: repression, [Pubmed|16267290], in [regulon|D267AF38B0CF107042326E9B8F3DD3C9C85840E4|LexA regulon]

  regulation

  • induced by DNA damage ([protein|D267AF38B0CF107042326E9B8F3DD3C9C85840E4|LexA]) [Pubmed|16267290]

  additional information

  • term-seq has identified a potential novel regulatory RNA element including an intrinsic transcription terminator upstream of ''parE'' [Pubmed|27120414]

Biological materials

lacZ fusion

• GP2550 ([gene|1901C52DCB24B3D53150F6926C14907AC1B75293|parE]::lacZ cat, based on [SW|pAC5]), available in [SW|Jörg Stülke]'s lab [pubmed|30957856]

References

Reviews

• 16936698

Original publications

• 16272394,9539793,16267290,16479537,23965305,27120414,9722641,12767818,10713132,9334322,8940171,7590259,10944214,1330320,12857958,11090135,8104339,8227000,30222737,30957856