SubtiBank SubtiBank
alr
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alr

alanine racemase
locus
BSU_04640
pI
8.43
mw
43.10 kDa
protein length
389 aa Sequence Blast
gene length
1167 bp Sequence Blast
function
peptidoglycan biosynthesis
product
alanine racemase
essential
yes
ec
5.1.1.1
synonyms
dal,alrA
Outlinks
KEGGBsubCycSubtiListUniProtExpression Browser

Genomic Context

      

categories

  • [category|SW 1|Cellular processes] → [category|SW 1.1|Cell envelope and cell division] → [category|SW 1.1.1|Cell wall synthesis] → [category|SW 1.1.1.1|Biosynthesis of peptidoglycan]
  • [category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3|Amino acid/ nitrogen metabolism] → [category|SW 2.3.1|Biosynthesis/ acquisition of amino acids] → [category|SW 2.3.1.15|Biosynthesis/acquisition of L- and D-alanine]
  • [category|SW 2|Metabolism] → [category|SW 2.6|Additional metabolic pathways] → [category|SW 2.6.1|Biosynthesis of cell wall components] → [category|SW 2.6.1.1|Biosynthesis of peptidoglycan]
  • [category|SW 6|Groups of genes] → [category|SW 6.1|Essential genes]

    • Gene

    Coordinates
    517,372 → 518,541

    Phenotypes of a mutant

  • reported to be essential [Pubmed|12682299], however deletion mutants have been reported by Ferrari et al. (1985) and Xia et al (2007) [Pubmed|17602222]
  • auxotrophy for D-alanine
  • a [gene|219586A3F378DC38EA076FD39B99D41136BDE722|ytnA] [gene|CB0B6C69CB5CFF6FE30C3F95991F309C8DE1E344|alr] double mutant is not viable due to the inability to acquire D-alanine [https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/562850v2 reference]

    • The protein

    Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity

  • L-alanine --> D-alanine (according to UniProt)

    • Protein family

  • alanine racemase family (with [protein|E267F2B6448E380B354AE091734E4AC4DB5825EF|YncD], according to UniProt)

    • Paralogous protein(s)

  • [protein|E267F2B6448E380B354AE091734E4AC4DB5825EF|YncD]

    • [SW|Cofactors]

  • PLP (according to UniProt)

    • Structure

  • [PDB|1L6G] (with N-[5�-phosphopyridoxyl]-D-alanine, Geobacillus stearothermophilus), [PDB|1SFT] (Geobacillus stearothermophilus)

    • Expression and Regulation

    Operons

    genes
    [gene|CB0B6C69CB5CFF6FE30C3F95991F309C8DE1E344|alr]-[gene|052BD59112DBE2F1DAC9DA5A7B0EA8DAF8D6FC47|ndoAI]-[gene|2E5A557E417CB355331CC0555D46A79793EB90B3|ndoA]
    description
    [pubmed|22383849]
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    Biological materials

    Mutant

  • [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/402479429?report=genbank&from=517383&to=518551 alr-1], two-base mutation 526AG>T (=R176X), creating a frameshift and an immediate stop codon, available in [http://www.bgsc.org/ BGSC] 1A4, a D-alanine auxotroph

    • References

  • Ferrari E, Henner DJ, Yang MY. Isolation of an Alanine Racemase Gene from Bacillus subtilis and its Use for Plasmid Maintenance in B. subtilis, Nature Biotechnol 1985.Nov;3:1003-7.
  • 3138014
  • 17602222