LevD

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  • Description: fructose-specific phosphotransferase system, EIIA component

Gene name levD
Synonyms sacL
Essential no
Product fructose-specific phosphotransferase system,
EIIA component
Function fructose uptake and phosphorylation
MW, pI 16 kDa, 4.479
Gene length, protein length 438 bp, 146 aa
Immediate neighbours levE, levR
Get the DNA and protein sequences
(Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context
LevD context.gif
This image was kindly provided by SubtiList




The gene

Basic information

  • Coordinates:

Phenotypes of a mutant

Database entries

  • DBTBS entry: no entry
  • SubtiList entry: [1]

Additional information

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

  • Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: Protein EIIA N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine + protein EIIB = protein EIIA + protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine (according to Swiss-Prot)
  • Protein family: PTS permease, mannose permease (Man) family PubMed
  • Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

  • Kinetic information:
  • Domains:
  • Modification:
  • Cofactor(s):
  • Effectors of protein activity:
  • Interactions:
  • Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

  • Structure:
  • E.C. number: 2.7.1.69

Additional information

Expression and regulation

  • Regulation: repressed by glucose (CcpA) , carbon catabolite repression, induction by fructose (LevR)
  • Regulatory mechanism: CcpA: transcription repression, catabolite repression: transcription repression by CcpA, transcription activator LevR is less active in the presence of glucose

induction: transcription activation by LevR

  • Additional information:

Biological materials

  • Mutant:
  • Expression vector:
  • lacZ fusion:
  • GFP fusion:
  • two-hybrid system:
  • Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Your additional remarks

References

  1. Reizer et al. (1999) Novel phosphotransferase system genes revealed by genome analysis - the complete complement of PTS proteins encoded within the genome of Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology 145: 3419-3429 PubMed
  1. Martin-Verstraete, I., Débarbouillé, M., Klier, A., and Rapoport, G. (1990) Levanase operon of Bacillus subtilis includes a fructose-specific phosphotransferase system regulating the expression of the operon. J Mol Biol 214: 657-671. PubMed
  2. Martin-Verstraete, I. M. Débarbouillé, A. Klier, and G. Rapoport. 1992. Mutagenesis of the Bacillus subtilis ˝-12, -24˝ promoter of the levanase operon and evidence for the existence of an upstream activating sequence. J. Mol. Biol. 226: 85-99. PubMed
  3. Stülke, J., Martin-Verstraete, I., Charrier, V., Klier, A., Deutscher, J. & Rapoport, G. (1995) The HPr protein of the phosphotransferase system links induction and catabolite repression of the Bacillus subtilis levanase operon. J. Bacteriol. 177: 6928-6936. PubMed
  4. Martin-Verstraete, I., Stülke, J., Klier, A. & Rapoport, G. (1995) Two different mechanisms mediate catabolite repression of the Bacillus subtilis levanase operon. J. Bacteriol. 177: 6919-6927. PubMed
  5. Martin-Verstraete, I., Charrier, V., Stülke, J., Galinier, A., Erni, B., Rapoport, G., & Deutscher, J. (1998) Antagonistic effects of dual PTS catalyzed phosphorylation on the Bacillus subtilis transcriptional activator LevR. Mol. Microbiol. 28: 293-303. PubMed
  6. Charrier V, Deutscher J, Martin-Verstraete I (1997b) Protein phosphorylation chain of a Bacillus subtilis fructose-specific phosphotransferase system and its participation in regulation of the expression of the lev operon. Biochemistry 36:1163-1172. PubMed
  7. Author1, Author2 & Author3 (year) Title Journal volume: page-page. PubMed