Difference between revisions of "Sporulation"

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(Created page with " {{CategoryTree |Parents= * 4. Lifestyles ** 4.2. Sporulation and Germination |Neighbours= * 4.2.1. Sporulation proteins * 4.2.2. Phosphorelay * 4.2.3. [[Sporulat...")
 
(→‎Important original publications)
 
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{{CategoryTree
 
{{CategoryTree
 
|Parents=
 
|Parents=
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* 4.2.4. [[Germination]]
 
* 4.2.4. [[Germination]]
 
|Related=
 
|Related=
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none
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* {{SubtiWiki regulon|[[SigE regulon]]}}
 +
* {{SubtiWiki regulon|[[SigF regulon]]}}
 +
* {{SubtiWiki regulon|[[SigG regulon]]}}
 +
* {{SubtiWiki regulon|[[SigK regulon]]}}
 
|}}
 
|}}
 +
 +
== Genes in this functional category ==
 +
 +
=== Spore coat proteins ===
 +
==== Class I ====
 +
* these proteins completly cover the membrane around the forespore
 +
* early localizing spore coat proteins
 +
 +
* ''[[spoIVA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVM]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVID]]''
 +
* ''[[yaaH]]''
 +
* ''[[yhaX]]''
 +
* ''[[yuzC]]''
 +
 +
==== Class II ====
 +
* these proteins localize simultaneously with the class I proteins but begin to encase the spore only after engulfment is complete
 +
* early localizing spore coat proteins
 +
 +
* ''[[cotE]]''
 +
* ''[[cotM]]''
 +
* ''[[cotO]]''
 +
* ''[[yncD]]''
 +
* ''[[yheD]]''
 +
* ''[[yknT]]''
 +
* ''[[yhjR]]''
 +
 +
==== Class III ====
 +
* these proteins localize simultaneously with the class I and class II proteins but start to encase the spore only after the appearance of phase dark spores (hr 4.5)
 +
* early localizing spore coat proteins
 +
 +
* ''[[cotZ]]''
 +
* ''[[cwlJ]]''
 +
* ''[[tgl]]''
 +
* ''[[yisY]]''
 +
* ''[[ysxE]]''
 +
* ''[[yutH]]''
 +
 +
==== Class IV ====
 +
* late localizing spore coat proteins (only after completion of engulfment)
 +
* intermediate between classes III and V
 +
 +
* ''[[cotT]]''
 +
* ''[[ysnD]]''
 +
* ''[[yybI]]''
 +
 +
==== Class V ====
 +
* late localizing spore coat proteins (only after completion of engulfment)
 +
* localize exclusively to phase dark spores
 +
* localize simultaneously to both poles of the spore
 +
 +
* ''[[cotA]]''
 +
* ''[[cotB]]''
 +
* ''[[cotG]]''
 +
* ''[[cotP]]''
 +
* ''[[cotQ]]''
 +
* ''[[cotS]]''
 +
* ''[[cotW]]''
 +
* ''[[lipC]]''
 +
* ''[[oxdD]]''
 +
* ''[[yeeK]]''
 +
* ''[[yjzB]]''
 +
* ''[[ylbD]]''
 +
* ''[[ymaG]]''
 +
* ''[[yppG]]''
 +
* ''[[yqjC]]''
 +
* ''[[ytxO]]''
 +
* ''[[yxeE]]''
 +
 +
==== Class VI ====
 +
* late localizing spore coat proteins (only after completion of engulfment)
 +
* most delayed initial localization
 +
* localize excluseively to phase bright spores
 +
 +
* ''[[cotD]]''
 +
* ''[[cotU]]''
 +
 +
==== not yet assigned ====
 +
* ''[[cgeA]]''
 +
* ''[[cgeB]]''
 +
* ''[[cgeC]]''
 +
* ''[[cgeD]]''
 +
* ''[[cgeE]]''
 +
* ''[[cmpA]]''
 +
* ''[[cotC]]''
 +
* ''[[cotF]]''
 +
* ''[[cotH]]''
 +
* ''[[cotI]]''
 +
* ''[[cotJA]]''
 +
* ''[[cotJB]]''
 +
* ''[[cotJC]]''
 +
* ''[[cotR]]''
 +
* ''[[cotSA]]''
 +
* ''[[cotV]]''
 +
* ''[[cotX]]''
 +
* ''[[cotY]]''
 +
* ''[[gerQ]]''
 +
* ''[[gerR]]''
 +
* ''[[gerT]]''
 +
* ''[[ldt]]''
 +
* ''[[safA]]''
 +
* ''[[spsB]]''
 +
* ''[[yabG]]''
 +
* ''[[ygaK]]''
 +
* ''[[ydhD]]''
 +
* ''[[yhbB]]''
 +
* ''[[yheC]]''
 +
* ''[[yisJ]]''
 +
* ''[[yjdH]]''
 +
* ''[[ykvP]]''
 +
* ''[[yobN]]''
 +
* ''[[yodI]]''
 +
* ''[[ypeP]]''
 +
* ''[[yqfT]]''
 +
* ''[[ywqH]]''
 +
 +
====Important publications on the spore coat====
 +
<pubmed> 22171814 20451384 22192522 23202530 22262582 24283940  26512126 27790212</pubmed>
 +
 +
=== Spore coat protein/ based on similarity ===
 +
* ''[[yraD]]''
 +
* ''[[yraE]]''
 +
* ''[[yraF]]''
 +
* ''[[yraG]]''
 +
 +
=== Small acid-soluble spore proteins ===
 +
* ''[[sspA]]''
 +
* ''[[sspB]]''
 +
* ''[[sspC]]''
 +
* ''[[sspD]]''
 +
* ''[[sspE]]''
 +
* ''[[sspF]]''
 +
* ''[[sspG]]''
 +
* ''[[sspH]]''
 +
* ''[[sspI]]''
 +
* ''[[sspJ]]''
 +
* ''[[sspK]]''
 +
* ''[[sspL]]''
 +
* ''[[sspM]]''
 +
* ''[[sspN]]''
 +
* ''[[sspO]]''
 +
* ''[[sspP]]''
 +
 +
=== Non-homologous end joining DNA repair ===
 +
* ''[[ligD]]''
 +
* ''[[ykoV]]''
 +
 +
=== Utilization of specific carbon sources===
 +
* ''[[hbuT]]''
 +
* ''[[mmgA]]''
 +
* ''[[mmgB]]''
 +
* ''[[mmgC]]''
 +
* ''[[mmgD]]''
 +
* ''[[mmgE]]''
 +
* ''[[scoA]]''
 +
* ''[[scoB]]''
 +
* ''[[yqiQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yxjF]]''
 +
 +
=== Sporulation proteins/ other ===
 +
* ''[[adhB]]''
 +
* ''[[asd]]''
 +
* ''[[asnO]]''
 +
* ''[[azoR2]]''
 +
* ''[[bdbC]]''
 +
* ''[[bdbD]]''
 +
* ''[[bofA]]''
 +
* ''[[bofC]]''
 +
* ''[[ccpB]]''
 +
* ''[[cdaS]]''
 +
* ''[[chaA]]''
 +
* ''[[clpC]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[coxA]]''
 +
* ''[[csbX]]''
 +
* ''[[csfB]]''
 +
* ''[[ctaA]]''
 +
* ''[[ctpB]]''
 +
* ''[[cwlC]]''
 +
* ''[[cwlD]]''
 +
* ''[[cwlH]]''
 +
* ''[[dacB]]''
 +
* ''[[dacF]]''
 +
* ''[[dapA]]''
 +
* ''[[dapG]]''
 +
* ''[[divIB]]''
 +
* ''[[divIC]]''
 +
* ''[[exoA]]''
 +
* ''[[exuR]]''
 +
* ''[[exuT]]''
 +
* ''[[fabL]]''
 +
* ''[[fin]]''
 +
* ''[[fisB]]''
 +
* ''[[ftsY]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[glcU]]''
 +
* ''[[glgA]]''
 +
* ''[[glgB]]''
 +
* ''[[glgC]]''
 +
* ''[[glgD]]''
 +
* ''[[glgP]]''
 +
* ''[[glnH]]''
 +
* ''[[glnM]]''
 +
* ''[[glnP]]''
 +
* ''[[glnQ]]''
 +
* ''[[htrC]]''
 +
* ''[[ispG]]''
 +
* ''[[kamA]]''
 +
* ''[[katX]]''
 +
* ''[[lonB]]''
 +
* ''[[lysA]]''
 +
* ''[[lytH]]''
 +
* ''[[mbl]]''
 +
* ''[[mcsA]]''
 +
* ''[[mcsB]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[murB]]''
 +
* ''[[murG]]''
 +
* ''[[mutTA]]''
 +
* ''[[nfo]]''
 +
* ''[[pbpF]]''
 +
* ''[[pbpG]]''
 +
* ''[[pbpI]]''
 +
* ''[[pdaA]]''
 +
* ''[[pdaB]]''
 +
* ''[[pghL]]''
 +
* ''[[phoB]]''
 +
* ''[[phoP]]''
 +
* ''[[phoR]]''
 +
* ''[[prkA]]''
 +
* ''[[remA]]''
 +
* ''[[rsfA]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[sbp]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[seaA]]''
 +
* ''[[sigF]]''
 +
* ''[[sigG]]''
 +
* ''[[sodF]]''
 +
* ''[[splA]]''
 +
* ''[[splB]]''
 +
* ''[[spmA]]''
 +
* ''[[spmB]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIAA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIAB]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIID]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIAA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIAB]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIAC]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIAD]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIAE]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIAF]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIAG]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIAH]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIC]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIID]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIIL]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIM]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIP]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIQ]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIT]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIR]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIISA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIVA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIVB]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIVCA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIVCB]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIVFA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIVFB]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVAA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVAB]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVAC]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVAF]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVB]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVD]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVE]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVFA]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVFB]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[spoVIF]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVK]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[spoVR]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVT]]''
 +
* ''[[sprB]]''
 +
* ''[[spsA]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[spsC]]''
 +
* ''[[spsD]]''
 +
* ''[[spsE]]''
 +
* ''[[spsF]]''
 +
* ''[[spsG]]''
 +
* ''[[spsI]]''
 +
* ''[[spsJ]]''
 +
* ''[[spsK]]''
 +
* ''[[spsL]]''
 +
* ''[[sqhC]]''
 +
* ''[[sscA]]''
 +
* ''[[stoA]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[tlp]]''
 +
* ''[[tuaF]]''
 +
* ''[[tuaG]]''
 +
* ''[[tuaH]]''
 +
* ''[[usd]]''
 +
* ''[[uxaA]]''
 +
* ''[[uxaB]]''
 +
* ''[[uxuA]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yabP]]''
 +
* ''[[yabQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yabR]]''
 +
* ''[[yabT]]''
 +
* ''[[ybaK]]''
 +
* ''[[ybxH]]''
 +
* ''[[ycgF]]''
 +
* ''[[ycgG]]''
 +
* ''[[yckC]]''
 +
* ''[[yckD]]''
 +
* ''[[ydcA]]''
 +
* ''[[ydcC]]''
 +
* ''[[ydfR]]''
 +
* ''[[ydfS]]''
 +
* ''[[ydgA]]''
 +
* ''[[ydgB]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[ydhF]]''
 +
* ''[[ydjP]]''
 +
* ''[[yeaA]]''
 +
* ''[[yesJ]]''
 +
* ''[[yesK]]''
 +
* ''[[yfnD]]''
 +
* ''[[yfnE]]''
 +
* ''[[yfnF]]''
 +
* ''[[yfnG]]''
 +
* ''[[yfnH]]''
 +
* ''[[yhaL]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yhbH]]''
 +
* ''[[yhcM]]''
 +
* ''[[yhcN]]''
 +
* ''[[yhcO]]''
 +
* ''[[yhcQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yhcV]]''
 +
 +
 +
* ''[[yhfM]]''
 +
* ''[[yhfW]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yhxC]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yisZ]]''
 +
* ''[[yitA]]''
 +
* ''[[yitB]]''
 +
* ''[[yitC]]''
 +
* ''[[yitD]]''
 +
* ''[[yitF]]''
 +
* ''[[yitG]]''
 +
* ''[[yjaV]]''
 +
* ''[[yjbA]]''
 +
* ''[[yjcA]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yjfA]]''
 +
* ''[[yjmC]]''
 +
* ''[[yjmD]]''
 +
* ''[[yjmF]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[ykvI]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[ykvQ]]''
 +
* ''[[ykzQ]]''
 +
* ''[[ylaJ]]''
 +
* ''[[ylaM]]''
 +
* ''[[ylbB]]''
 +
* ''[[ylbC]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[ylbE]]''
 +
* ''[[ylbJ]]''
 +
* ''[[ylmC]]''
 +
* ''[[ylxW]]''
 +
* ''[[ylxX]]''
 +
* ''[[ylyA]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[ymxH]]''
 +
* ''[[yndA]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yngE]]''
 +
* ''[[yngF]]''
 +
* ''[[yngG]]''
 +
* ''[[yngH]]''
 +
* ''[[yngHB]]''
 +
* ''[[yngI]]''
 +
* ''[[yngJ]]''
 +
* ''[[yoaR]]''
 +
* ''[[yoaW]]''
 +
* ''[[yobW]]''
 +
* ''[[yocL]]''
 +
* ''[[yodH]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yodP]]''
 +
* ''[[yodQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yodR]]''
 +
* ''[[yodS]]''
 +
* ''[[yodT]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yokU]]''
 +
* ''[[yozQ]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[ypfB]]''
 +
* ''[[yphA]]''
 +
* ''[[ypjB]]''
 +
* ''[[ypqA]]''
 +
* ''[[ypzA]]''
 +
* ''[[yqcK]]''
 +
* ''[[yqfC]]''
 +
* ''[[yqfD]]''
 +
* ''[[yqfQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yqfU]]''
 +
* ''[[yqfX]]''
 +
* ''[[yqfZ]]''
 +
* ''[[yqhG]]''
 +
* ''[[yqhH]]''
 +
* ''[[yqhP]]''
 +
* ''[[yqhQ]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yqxA]]''
 +
* ''[[yqzG]]''
 +
* ''[[yrkC]]''
 +
* ''[[yrrD]]''
 +
* ''[[yrrS]]''
 +
* ''[[ytaF]]''
 +
* ''[[ytcC]]''
 +
* ''[[yteA]]''
 +
* ''[[yteV]]''
 +
* ''[[ytfI]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[ytlA]]''
 +
* ''[[ytlC]]''
 +
* ''[[ytlD]]''
 +
* ''[[ytrH]]''
 +
* ''[[ytrI]]''
 +
* ''[[ytvI]]''
 +
* ''[[ytxC]]''
 +
* ''[[yuiC]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yurS]]''
 +
* ''[[yusN]]''
 +
* ''[[yuzA]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yvdQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yveA]]''
 +
* ''[[ywcA]]''
 +
* ''[[ywcB]]''
 +
* ''[[ywjD]]''
 +
* ''[[ywjE]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[ywnJ]]''
 +
* ''[[ywrJ]]''
 +
* ''[[yxeD]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yyaC]]''
 +
* ''[[yyaD]]''
 +
 +
=== Newly identified sporulation proteins (based on transcription profiling) ===
 +
* ''[[abnA]]''
 +
* ''[[acdA]]''
 +
* ''[[acoA]]''
 +
* ''[[acoB]]''
 +
* ''[[acoC]]''
 +
* ''[[acoL]]''
 +
* ''[[acoR]]''
 +
* ''[[alkA]]''
 +
* ''[[amiE]]''
 +
* ''[[amyC]]''
 +
* ''[[amyD]]''
 +
* ''[[amyX]]''
 +
* ''[[araL]]''
 +
* ''[[araM]]''
 +
* ''[[bglS]]''
 +
* ''[[bmrC]]''
 +
* ''[[bmrD]]''
 +
* ''[[bpsA]]''
 +
* ''[[bpsB]]''
 +
* ''[[citA]]''
 +
* ''[[citH]]''
 +
* ''[[comER]]''
 +
* ''[[cypA]]''
 +
* ''[[degQ]]''
 +
* ''[[dtpT]]''
 +
* ''[[fadA]]''
 +
* ''[[fadF]]''
 +
* ''[[fadM]]''
 +
* ''[[fadN]]''
 +
* ''[[ggt]]''
 +
* ''[[hemZ]]''
 +
* ''[[ispA]]''
 +
* ''[[kapD]]''
 +
* ''[[kbl]]''
 +
* ''[[licA]]''
 +
* ''[[licB]]''
 +
* ''[[licC]]''
 +
* ''[[licH]]''
 +
* ''[[lplD]]''
 +
* ''[[mciZ]]''
 +
* ''[[mdxE]]''
 +
* ''[[mdxF]]''
 +
* ''[[mdxG]]''
 +
* ''[[melA]]''
 +
* ''[[msmE]]''
 +
* ''[[mstX]]''
 +
* ''[[murP]]''
 +
* ''[[murQ]]''
 +
* ''[[murR]]''
 +
* ''[[nrnB]]''
 +
* ''[[nagZ]]''
 +
* ''[[pgcM]]''
 +
* ''[[pucH]]''
 +
* ''[[racA]]''
 +
* ''[[tdh]]''
 +
* ''[[sigE]]''
 +
* ''[[spoIIE]]''
 +
* ''[[spoVC]]''
 +
* ''[[ugd]]''
 +
* ''[[xpaC]]''
 +
* ''[[yaaC]]''
 +
* ''[[yabS]]''
 +
* ''[[ybbC]]''
 +
* ''[[ybeF]]''
 +
* ''[[ybfJ]]''
 +
* ''[[ycgI]]''
 +
* ''[[ycgH]]''
 +
* ''[[ycgL]]''
 +
 +
* ''[[yclG]]''
 +
* ''[[yczM]]''
 +
* ''[[ydzH]]''
 +
* ''[[ydzR]]''
 +
* ''[[yerA]]''
 +
* ''[[yetF]]''
 +
* ''[[yezF]]''
 +
* ''[[ygzA]]''
 +
* ''[[ygzC]]''
 +
* ''[[yfhM]]''
 +
* ''[[yfhS]]''
 +
* ''[[yflJ]]''
 +
* ''[[yflN]]''
 +
* ''[[yfmA]]''
 +
* ''[[yhaR]]''
 +
* ''[[yheA]]''
 +
* ''[[yhcT]]''
 +
* ''[[yhcW]]''
 +
* ''[[yhdB]]''
 +
* ''[[yhdC]]''
 +
* ''[[yhdF]]''
 +
* ''[[yheF]]''
 +
* ''[[yhfA]]''
 +
* ''[[yhfN]]''
 +
* ''[[yhjQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yhzD]]''
 +
* ''[[yhzF]]''
 +
* ''[[yisN]]''
 +
* ''[[yitE]]''
 +
* ''[[yitQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yizC]]''
 +
* ''[[yizD]]''
 +
* ''[[yjaU]]''
 +
* ''[[yjaZ]]''
 +
* ''[[yjbE]]''
 +
* ''[[yjnA]]''
 +
* ''[[yjqC]]''
 +
* ''[[yjzC]]''
 +
* ''[[yjzK]]''
 +
* ''[[ykjA]]''
 +
* ''[[ykoN]]''
 +
* ''[[ykoP]]''
 +
* ''[[ykoQ]]''
 +
* ''[[ykoS]]''
 +
* ''[[ykoT]]''
 +
* ''[[ykoY]]''
 +
* ''[[ykpC]]''
 +
* ''[[ykuS]]''
 +
* ''[[ykwB]]''
 +
* ''[[ykzD]]''
 +
* ''[[ykzE]]''
 +
* ''[[ykzH]]''
 +
* ''[[ylaK]]''
 +
* ''[[yloB]]''
 +
* ''[[ylxY]]''
 +
* ''[[ymaF]]''
 +
* ''[[ymfD]]''
 +
* ''[[ymfH]]''
 +
* ''[[ymfI]]'' 
 +
* ''[[ymfJ]]''
 +
* ''[[yndM]]''
 +
* ''[[ynfE]]''
 +
* ''[[yngK]]''
 +
* ''[[yngL]]''
 +
* ''[[ynzE]]''
 +
* ''[[yoaI]]''
 +
* ''[[yoaM]]''
 +
* ''[[yoaQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yoaU]]''
 +
* ''[[yocN]]''
 +
* ''[[yodU]]''
 +
* ''[[yodL]]''
 +
* ''[[yodN]]''
 +
* ''[[yojB]]''
 +
* ''[[yoqH]]''
 +
* ''[[yosA]]''
 +
* ''[[yozD]]''
 +
* ''[[yozE]]''
 +
* ''[[yozF]]''
 +
* ''[[yozN]]''
 +
* ''[[yozP]]''
 +
* ''[[ypeP]]''
 +
* ''[[ypeQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yppC]]''
 +
* ''[[yppD]]''
 +
* ''[[ypqP]]''
 +
* ''[[yptA]]''
 +
* ''[[ypuI]]''
 +
* ''[[yqcI]]''
 +
* ''[[ypzC]]''
 +
* ''[[yqaN]]''
 +
* ''[[yqaO]]''
 +
* ''[[yqeC]]''
 +
* ''[[yqgE]]''
 +
* ''[[yqgO]]''
 +
* ''[[yqhO]]''
 +
* ''[[yqhR]]''
 +
* ''[[yqhV]]''
 +
* ''[[yqjB]]''
 +
* ''[[yqjC]]''
 +
* ''[[yrbE]]''
 +
* ''[[yrbD]]''
 +
* ''[[yrbG]]''
 +
* ''[[yrdN]]''
 +
* ''[[yrrI]]''
 +
* ''[[yrrT]]''
 +
* ''[[yrzA]]''
 +
* ''[[yrzE]]''
 +
* ''[[yrzF]]''
 +
* ''[[yrzI]]''
 +
* ''[[yrzK]]''
 +
* ''[[ysnE]]''
 +
* ''[[ytaG]]''
 +
* ''[[ytcA]]''
 +
* ''[[ytcB]]''
 +
* ''[[ytdA]]''
 +
* ''[[yteT]]''
 +
* ''[[ythA]]''
 +
* ''[[ythB]]''
 +
* ''[[ytvB]]''
 +
* ''[[ytwI]]''
 +
* ''[[ytzC]]''
 +
* ''[[ytzH]]''
 +
* ''[[yubC]]''
 +
* ''[[yueG]]''
 +
* ''[[yufS]]''
 +
* ''[[yugF]]''
 +
* ''[[yugO]]''
 +
* ''[[yugS]]''
 +
* ''[[yugT]]''
 +
* ''[[yumB]]''
 +
* ''[[yunC]]''
 +
* ''[[yurZ]]''
 +
* ''[[yusW]]''
 +
* ''[[yutC]]''
 +
* ''[[yutG]]''
 +
* ''[[yuzE]]''
 +
* ''[[yuzF]]''
 +
* ''[[yvaC]]''
 +
* ''[[yvaG]]''
 +
* ''[[yvaK]]''
 +
* ''[[yvaM]]''
 +
* ''[[yvdA]]''
 +
* ''[[yvnB]]''
 +
* ''[[ywaF]]''
 +
* ''[[ywbB]]''
 +
* ''[[ywkF]]''
 +
* ''[[ywbA]]''
 +
* ''[[ywcI]]''
 +
* ''[[ywhK]]''
 +
* ''[[ywhL]]''
 +
* ''[[ywmA]]''
 +
* ''[[ywnG]]''
 +
* ''[[ywoC]]''
 +
* ''[[ywoD]]''
 +
* ''[[ywqH]]''
 +
* ''[[ywqI]]''
 +
* ''[[ywqK]]''
 +
* ''[[ywqL]]''
 +
* ''[[ywrK]]''
 +
* ''[[yxbA]]''
 +
* ''[[yyaL]]''
 +
* ''[[yybP]]''
 +
* ''[[yycE]]''
 +
* ''[[yycN]]''
 +
* ''[[yycO]]''
 +
* ''[[yycP]]''
 +
* ''[[yycQ]]''
 +
* ''[[yyzB]]''
 +
 +
==Important reviews==
 +
<pubmed>22091839 20833318 16045607 15819616 15659154 15556029 15187183 15035041 2257467 22882546 24983526 25646759  27364121 27148245 27501460
 +
</pubmed>
 +
 +
==Important original publications==
 +
<pubmed>21667307 21665972 21905219 23284278 25341802 25356555 25548246 26735940 29425492 </pubmed>
 +
 +
== Important web site: [http://sporeweb.molgenrug.nl/  SporeWeb] ==
 +
* [http://sporeweb.molgenrug.nl/  SporeWeb] is a dynamic web-based platform describing all stages of [[sporulation]] in ''B. subtilis'' from a gene regulatory point of view. The website is intended for all microbial researches interested in bacterial [[sporulation]] and/or gene regulatory networks and contains useful information for both [[sporulation]] experts and non-experts.
 +
* You can find:
 +
** detailed review-like descriptions of all [[sporulation]] stages,
 +
** schematic representations of regulatory events during every stage,
 +
** links to specific regulators and their [[regulons]],
 +
** access to detailed Excel sheets of all sporulation-specific [[regulons]],
 +
** Cytoscape-generated layouts of regulon interactions during a specific stage,
 +
** a tool to generate your own Cytoscape interaction figure for specific genes of interest,
 +
** heat maps showing expression values of all [[sporulation]] genes during the sporulation cycle (derived from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22383849  Nicolas ''et al''., 2012]),
 +
** direct links to other knowledge platforms, such as ''Subti''Wiki,
 +
** an extensive list of references for further detailed information.
 +
* The website is self explanatory, but you can also take a quick look at [http://youtu.be/XSTpU80o4t0 the short introduction video].
 +
* Importantly, the website is database driven: it can (and will) be updated as new exciting insights become available in literature.
 +
<pubmed>24170806</pubmed>
 +
 +
=Back to [[categories]]=

Latest revision as of 19:25, 11 February 2018

Parent categories
Neighbouring categories
Related categories

Genes in this functional category

Spore coat proteins

Class I

  • these proteins completly cover the membrane around the forespore
  • early localizing spore coat proteins

Class II

  • these proteins localize simultaneously with the class I proteins but begin to encase the spore only after engulfment is complete
  • early localizing spore coat proteins

Class III

  • these proteins localize simultaneously with the class I and class II proteins but start to encase the spore only after the appearance of phase dark spores (hr 4.5)
  • early localizing spore coat proteins

Class IV

  • late localizing spore coat proteins (only after completion of engulfment)
  • intermediate between classes III and V

Class V

  • late localizing spore coat proteins (only after completion of engulfment)
  • localize exclusively to phase dark spores
  • localize simultaneously to both poles of the spore

Class VI

  • late localizing spore coat proteins (only after completion of engulfment)
  • most delayed initial localization
  • localize excluseively to phase bright spores

not yet assigned

Important publications on the spore coat

Wishwas R Abhyankar, Kiki Kamphorst, Bhagyashree N Swarge, Henk van Veen, Nicole N van der Wel, Stanley Brul, Chris G de Koster, Leo J de Koning
##Title##
Front Microbiol: 2016, 7;1636
[PubMed:27790212] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)

George C Stewart
The Exosporium Layer of Bacterial Spores: a Connection to the Environment and the Infected Host.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev: 2015, 79(4);437-57
[PubMed:26512126] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Hong Qin, Adam Driks
Contrasting evolutionary patterns of spore coat proteins in two Bacillus species groups are linked to a difference in cellular structure.
BMC Evol Biol: 2013, 13;261
[PubMed:24283940] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Peter T McKenney, Adam Driks, Patrick Eichenberger
The Bacillus subtilis endospore: assembly and functions of the multilayered coat.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2013, 11(1);33-44
[PubMed:23202530] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Haiyan Qiao, Daniela Krajcikova, Caisheng Liu, Yongjun Li, Hongda Wang, Imrich Barak, Jilin Tang
The interactions of spore-coat morphogenetic proteins studied by single-molecule recognition force spectroscopy.
Chem Asian J: 2012, 7(4);725-31
[PubMed:22262582] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Peter Setlow
Dynamics of the assembly of a complex macromolecular structure--the coat of spores of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 83(2);241-4
[PubMed:22192522] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Peter T McKenney, Patrick Eichenberger
Dynamics of spore coat morphogenesis in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 83(2);245-60
[PubMed:22171814] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Peter T McKenney, Adam Driks, Haig A Eskandarian, Paul Grabowski, Jonathan Guberman, Katherine H Wang, Zemer Gitai, Patrick Eichenberger
A distance-weighted interaction map reveals a previously uncharacterized layer of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat.
Curr Biol: 2010, 20(10);934-8
[PubMed:20451384] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)


Spore coat protein/ based on similarity

Small acid-soluble spore proteins

Non-homologous end joining DNA repair

Utilization of specific carbon sources

Sporulation proteins/ other


Newly identified sporulation proteins (based on transcription profiling)

Important reviews

Jatin Narula, Masaya Fujita, Oleg A Igoshin
Functional requirements of cellular differentiation: lessons from Bacillus subtilis.
Curr Opin Microbiol: 2016, 34;38-46
[PubMed:27501460] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Jelle Slager, Jan-Willem Veening
Hard-Wired Control of Bacterial Processes by Chromosomal Gene Location.
Trends Microbiol: 2016, 24(10);788-800
[PubMed:27364121] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Frédérique Pompeo, Elodie Foulquier, Anne Galinier
Impact of Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases on the Regulation of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Front Microbiol: 2016, 7;568
[PubMed:27148245] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)

Kelly A Fimlaid, Aimee Shen
Diverse mechanisms regulate sporulation sigma factor activity in the Firmicutes.
Curr Opin Microbiol: 2015, 24;88-95
[PubMed:25646759] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Irene S Tan, Kumaran S Ramamurthi
Spore formation in Bacillus subtilis.
Environ Microbiol Rep: 2014, 6(3);212-25
[PubMed:24983526] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Michael Y Galperin, Sergei L Mekhedov, Pere Puigbo, Sergey Smirnov, Yuri I Wolf, Daniel J Rigden
Genomic determinants of sporulation in Bacilli and Clostridia: towards the minimal set of sporulation-specific genes.
Environ Microbiol: 2012, 14(11);2870-90
[PubMed:22882546] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Douglas Higgins, Jonathan Dworkin
Recent progress in Bacillus subtilis sporulation.
FEMS Microbiol Rev: 2012, 36(1);131-48
[PubMed:22091839] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Michiel J L de Hoon, Patrick Eichenberger, Dennis Vitkup
Hierarchical evolution of the bacterial sporulation network.
Curr Biol: 2010, 20(17);R735-45
[PubMed:20833318] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Imrich Barák, Anthony J Wilkinson
Where asymmetry in gene expression originates.
Mol Microbiol: 2005, 57(3);611-20
[PubMed:16045607] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Michael D Yudkin, Joanna Clarkson
Differential gene expression in genetically identical sister cells: the initiation of sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2005, 56(3);578-89
[PubMed:15819616] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Imrich Barák, Ezio Ricca, Simon M Cutting
From fundamental studies of sporulation to applied spore research.
Mol Microbiol: 2005, 55(2);330-8
[PubMed:15659154] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Patrick J Piggot, David W Hilbert
Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis.
Curr Opin Microbiol: 2004, 7(6);579-86
[PubMed:15556029] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

David W Hilbert, Patrick J Piggot
Compartmentalization of gene expression during Bacillus subtilis spore formation.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev: 2004, 68(2);234-62
[PubMed:15187183] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Jeff Errington
Regulation of endospore formation in Bacillus subtilis.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2003, 1(2);117-26
[PubMed:15035041] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

R R Freedman
Raynaud's phenomenon, lack of neurological influence.
Br J Rheumatol: 1990, 29(6);492-3
[PubMed:2257467] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)


Important original publications

Javier Lopez-Garrido, Nikola Ojkic, Kanika Khanna, Felix R Wagner, Elizabeth Villa, Robert G Endres, Kit Pogliano
Chromosome Translocation Inflates Bacillus Forespores and Impacts Cellular Morphology.
Cell: 2018, 172(4);758-770.e14
[PubMed:29425492] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Alexander J Meeske, Christopher D A Rodrigues, Jacqueline Brady, Hoong Chuin Lim, Thomas G Bernhardt, David Z Rudner
High-Throughput Genetic Screens Identify a Large and Diverse Collection of New Sporulation Genes in Bacillus subtilis.
PLoS Biol: 2016, 14(1);e1002341
[PubMed:26735940] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Sonali Ghosh, George Korza, Mark Maciejewski, Peter Setlow
Analysis of metabolism in dormant spores of Bacillus species by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of low-molecular-weight compounds.
J Bacteriol: 2015, 197(5);992-1001
[PubMed:25548246] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Nikola Ojkic, Javier López-Garrido, Kit Pogliano, Robert G Endres
Bistable forespore engulfment in Bacillus subtilis by a zipper mechanism in absence of the cell wall.
PLoS Comput Biol: 2014, 10(10);e1003912
[PubMed:25356555] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Adaoha E C Ihekwaba, Ivan Mura, Gary C Barker
Computational modelling and analysis of the molecular network regulating sporulation initiation in Bacillus subtilis.
BMC Syst Biol: 2014, 8;119
[PubMed:25341802] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Jordi van Gestel, Martin A Nowak, Corina E Tarnita
The evolution of cell-to-cell communication in a sporulating bacterium.
PLoS Comput Biol: 2012, 8(12);e1002818
[PubMed:23284278] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Wishwas Abhyankar, Alex Ter Beek, Henk Dekker, Remco Kort, Stanley Brul, Chris G de Koster
Gel-free proteomic identification of the Bacillus subtilis insoluble spore coat protein fraction.
Proteomics: 2011, 11(23);4541-50
[PubMed:21905219] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Langyong Mao, Shantong Jiang, Bin Wang, Liang Chen, Qin Yao, Keping Chen
Protein profile of Bacillus subtilis spore.
Curr Microbiol: 2011, 63(2);198-205
[PubMed:21667307] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Daisuke Imamura, Ritsuko Kuwana, Hiromu Takamatsu, Kazuhito Watabe
Proteins involved in formation of the outermost layer of Bacillus subtilis spores.
J Bacteriol: 2011, 193(16);4075-80
[PubMed:21665972] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)


Important web site: SporeWeb

  • SporeWeb is a dynamic web-based platform describing all stages of sporulation in B. subtilis from a gene regulatory point of view. The website is intended for all microbial researches interested in bacterial sporulation and/or gene regulatory networks and contains useful information for both sporulation experts and non-experts.
  • You can find:
    • detailed review-like descriptions of all sporulation stages,
    • schematic representations of regulatory events during every stage,
    • links to specific regulators and their regulons,
    • access to detailed Excel sheets of all sporulation-specific regulons,
    • Cytoscape-generated layouts of regulon interactions during a specific stage,
    • a tool to generate your own Cytoscape interaction figure for specific genes of interest,
    • heat maps showing expression values of all sporulation genes during the sporulation cycle (derived from Nicolas et al., 2012),
    • direct links to other knowledge platforms, such as SubtiWiki,
    • an extensive list of references for further detailed information.
  • The website is self explanatory, but you can also take a quick look at the short introduction video.
  • Importantly, the website is database driven: it can (and will) be updated as new exciting insights become available in literature.

Robyn T Eijlander, Anne de Jong, Antonina O Krawczyk, Siger Holsappel, Oscar P Kuipers
SporeWeb: an interactive journey through the complete sporulation cycle of Bacillus subtilis.
Nucleic Acids Res: 2014, 42(Database issue);D685-91
[PubMed:24170806] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)


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